Why is gin always labeled with gin after it? Throughout its history, gin has been inextricably linked to juniper berries.

The origin and development of gin

I. Origin of Gin

Gin originated in the alchemical and religious concepts of Jabir Ibn Hayan’s alchemical writings (Jabir is also known as Geber in Latin) and made its debut in the late 8th century, a time of exploration and turmoil. It was at this time that fractional distillation was born in Persia. The key steps of fractional distillation evolved from alchemy, which was a secret art in the past, but Jaber brought it to the world, spreading the method of distillation and the distillation equipment. Distillation yielded magical spirits, which created endless possibilities for the explorers of the time, and pharmaceuticals were the ultimate use of spirits.

II. History of development

1. The curtain came up in the Mediterranean

The first gin distillation probably came from Italy, where the important Italian medical school, the Salerno School of Medicine, had close contacts with Arab countries, allowing distillation to flow in and promoting the spread of distillation in the West.

Around 1000 A.D., Benedictine monks living in Salerno attempted to distill a spirit mixed with juniper berries, and the Salerno medical school records that juniper berry ointment oil was used to treat three-day fever, which recurs every three days and is a classic form of malaria. Since then, malaria has been inextricably linked to the history of gin.

The basic raw material of most alcoholic beverages at that time was grapes, and the final product made was most likely similar to the aroma of gin, and the story of gin began with gin distilled spirits.

2、Development in the Netherlands

The 13th century saw the emergence of the Black Death, when juniper berries were used as medicine to combat the rampant Black Death, and the strong aromatic smell of juniper was used to fumigate rooms. With the promotion of juniper aromatherapy and juniper berry distilled spirits, gin spread to the Netherlands.

At this time, Holland was the center of a large commercial network and was engaged in a cultural movement that not only promoted the renaming and popularity of gin, but also changed the flavor of gin. Gin was no longer just a medical tool, and in 1351, Johannes Deuel wrote in his essay on the water of life, “It (gin) makes us forget our sorrows and brings us joy and courage.” By this time, gin was no longer just a medicine.

In the Netherlands, gin met malt liquor and acquired another essential characteristic – the ability to combine it with the base spirit, which is the essence of gin: the base spirit is combined with herbs, roots and juniper berries and then distilled. in 1552, Phillips Hermanni created a book detailing the distillation method manual, The Constrictor’s Book of Distillation.

In 1568 a decade-long war with Spain broke out for religious reasons, which led to a shortage of wine and the beginning of adding grains to the production of gin. And a large number of Dutch citizens took refuge in England with their distilling skills.

The Boles family, which had been producing spirits since 1575, also incorporated Dutch gin into their production. To ensure an adequate supply of spices, they became shareholders in the East India Company. As the Dutch East India Company became active in trade, herbal spices and luxury goods became widely available, thus changing the character of alcoholic beverages. The advent of Dutch gin was the first step in a journey into modern gin.

Until 1606, spirits in the Flemish region were collectively known as “brandy”. After the Dutch Republic passed an act, it began to use the term “Dutch gin” to refer to the gin and taxed it like brandy. Gin flourished and gradually took on a distinctive character of its own.

In the 19th century, the invention of the column still gave a major boost to the production of malt liquor in the Netherlands and provided the basis for the development of gin. Today, this spirit is still marketed under the name “Genever” or “Jenever” and is the “originator” of the mixed gins prevalent today. It is one of the “originators” of the mixed gins prevalent today.

3、British gin

Gin spread to the British Isles with successive wars, fierce throne changes and conquest campaigns, arriving in London to continue its journey.

In 1688, William III became King of England and deregulated distilled spirits. A boom in distilling and a boom in alcoholism occurred.

In 1751, the British government introduced the Gin Act along with a significant drop in gin consumption, and the first large family businesses began to be established. 1769, Alex Gordon began producing gin in south London; James Stein produced Dutch gin in Scotland; and the Coates family established a company in Plymouth.

In 1825, the British government reduced taxes on gin, which led to a drop in the price of gin, and although the quality remained poor, consumption doubled to over 7 million gallons

Gin, which had begun as a mere medicine, developed into a popular beverage. The brewing industry boomed, and the gin made during this period began to incorporate herbs such as cardamom and coriander, which are still used today, gradually revealing the contours of contemporary gin.

4. The twist

Birth of Gin and Tonic: The trade accelerated the great spread of malaria, and people discovered a cure for malaria from South America, which was made into an extremely bitter drink. People began to mix quinine into “tonic water” with gin, and gin and tonic was born.

Invention of the column still: In 1827, Robert Stein invented the column still; in 1832, Aeneas Coffey, an Irish tax and customs inspector, perfected the column still and applied for a patent.

The invention of the column still allowed various types of gin to be distinguished from each other, with dry gin and Old Tom’s gin forming their own characteristics. The new distillation technology ushers in the heyday of gin development. Famous gin brands were established.

1919 – 1930, Prohibition in the US

After World War II, gin was hit by vodka and faced a crisis

5、Gin ushered in a renaissance

At the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century, gin ushered in a renaissance. The Bombay Jewel Blue became popular; in 1999 Sir Henry’s Gin adopted new distillation techniques and added new ingredients such as roses and cucumbers; in 2002, the Adderley No. 10 was born, with fresh citrus fruits added to the recipe. People began to focus on the location and recipes of gin distilleries.

In 2008, the EU established rules for gin production. This regulation facilitated gin production. Gin began to spread around the world.

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